During Summer 2001, EBONI researched the second factor affecting ebook usability: the hardware surrounding the content, which enables the user to interact with the book. Five portable devices were evaluated by lecturers and researchers at the University of Strathclyde: a Hewlett-Packard Jornada with Microsoft Reader, Franklin's eBookMan, a Palm Vx with Palm Reader, a Rocket eBook and a Softbook (now superseded by the REB 1100 and the REB 1200 respectively). Feedback indicated several design elements that can enhance or detract from the experience of reading or consulting an electronic book. These are outlined in the following five guidelines:
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